Green Sea Turtle

A large marine turtle typically measuring 28–47 inches (70–120 cm) in carapace length, with some individuals reaching up to 55 inches (140 cm). Carapace is heart-shaped to oval, moderately domed, and composed of four pairs of costal scutes flanked by a nuchal scute and bordered by marginal scutes. Dorsal coloration of carapace is typically dark brown to olive-green, often with radiating patterns or mottling of lighter shades on individual scutes, creating a reticulated effect. Head is relatively small with a single pair of prefrontal scales between the eyes, a key diagnostic feature. Flippers are long and relatively narrow compared to other sea turtles, with a single claw visible on each flipper. Ventral surface (plastron) is cream to pale yellow, occasionally with dark patterns or spots, particularly along the seams. Skin on head and neck is dark brown to olive. Hatchlings measure approximately 1.2 inches (3 cm) and are dark gray to black dorsally. Juveniles gradually acquire the greenish coloration that gives the species its common name, though the name primarily refers to the greenish color of the fat beneath the carapace rather than external coloration. Inhabits tropical and subtropical ocean waters worldwide, often found in nearshore environments, bays, and estuaries, though adult females return to specific beaches for nesting. Diet is primarily herbivorous in adults, consisting of seagrasses and algae, though juveniles and subadults are omnivorous, feeding on jellyfish, sponges, crustaceans, and other invertebrates. Highly migratory species undertaking long oceanic journeys between feeding grounds and nesting beaches.