Rock Rattlesnake

A small to medium-sized pit viper typically measuring 16–24 inches (41–61 cm) in total length, with occasional individuals reaching 32 inches (81 cm). Body is slender and graceful with a relatively small, slightly flattened head only moderately set off from the neck. Dorsal coloration is highly variable, ranging from gray, tan, brown, or olive to reddish or pinkish, overlaid with a series of narrow, dark crossbands that are typically well-defined and evenly spaced along the length of the body. The crossbands are often darker at their edges and may be tinged with copper, pink, or reddish coloration. A pale lateral stripe may be present along the lower sides. The tail is relatively short and thin, ending in a small but functional rattle that produces a high-pitched, insect-like buzzing sound. Scales are keeled and relatively small. Vertical pupils and prominent loreal pits are present. Ventral surface is yellowish to cream, often speckled or mottled with dark scales. Juveniles resemble adults but often have brighter, more contrasting coloration and a yellowish tail tip. Inhabits rocky foothills, canyonlands, and mountainous terrain from sea level to over 8,000 feet (2,400 m) elevation, favoring rocky outcrops, canyon bottoms, cliff faces, and boulder-strewn habitats with mixed desert scrub and woodland vegetation. Often found near water sources such as intermittent streams and seeps. Primarily nocturnal in summer, becoming more diurnal in cooler months. Diet consists of small lizards, small snakes, and occasionally insects and scorpions, subdued via envenomation.