Alishan Salamander

A small, slender salamander typically measuring 3.5–5.2 inches (9–13 cm) in total length. Body is elongate and gracile with a relatively long tail comprising approximately 40–45% of total length. Head is small and flattened. Dorsal coloration is typically dark brown to nearly black, often with a distinct lighter vertebral stripe running from the head to the base of the tail; this stripe may be cream, tan, or yellowish in color. Lateral surfaces are slightly lighter than the dorsum, often dark brown or olive-brown. The body is marked with fine grooves running longitudinally along the sides, typical of hynobiid salamanders. Costal grooves are distinct and number approximately 12–14. Eyes are small and moderately prominent. Ventral surface is pale gray to whitish, often with subtle darker mottling or spotting. Limbs are short and relatively weak, with digits typically numbering 4–5 on fore limbs and 5 on hind limbs. Skin is smooth and somewhat glossy. This species is endemic to high mountain streams and springs on Taiwan's Central Mountain Range, particularly in the Alishan region, where it inhabits cool, clear flowing water and adjacent riparian zones in montane forests. Habitat is typically at elevations above 1,500 meters (4,921 feet), where water temperatures remain cool year-round. Diet consists of small aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates, including small insects, crustaceans, and other arthropods.