Colombian Giant Toad

A large, robust toad typically measuring 6–9 inches (15–23 cm) in length, with some individuals exceeding 10 inches (25 cm). Body is heavily built and squat with a broad, flattened head and relatively short limbs. Dorsal coloration is uniformly dark brown to grayish-brown, often appearing nearly uniform without distinct markings, though some individuals may show faint mottling or darker blotches. The skin is extremely warty and rugose, with numerous prominent tubercles and ridges creating a highly textured appearance. Large, prominent parotoid glands are present behind the eyes, appearing as conspicuous oval swellings that produce toxic secretions. The head is massive and broad with a wide mouth. Eyes are relatively small and golden-bronze in color. The tympanum is visible and distinct. Ventral surface is cream to pale brown, typically unmarked or with minimal mottling. Juveniles resemble adults but are smaller and slightly more granular in appearance. Inhabits humid lowland forests, particularly in areas near streams and wet microhabitats, from sea level to moderate elevations. Primarily nocturnal and terrestrial. Diet consists of insects, spiders, and other invertebrates, as well as small vertebrates including lizards and other toads, subdued via toxin-induced immobility.

Call is a low, booming or deep grunting sound, often described as a bass-like "hoom" or resonant croak given singly or in short series. Vocalizations are most frequent during the breeding season in wetter months.

Similar species: Giant Toad (Rhinella marina) is typically smaller with less prominently warty dorsal texture and occurs across broader geographic range; Cane Toad (Bufo marinus) has more pronounced ridges along the back and a more angular head profile; Central American Giant Toad (Incilius bocourti) has proportionally larger parotoids and more distinct dorsal patterning.